The Islamic Republic's Influence Network in the United Kingdom

The Islamic Republic in Iran has developed an extensive and sophisticated network of influence channels across Europe, with the United Kingdom emerging as a flashpointof these efforts. The actions of these malign actors serve to legitimize the Islamic Republic’s foothold within the UK across several institutions. Central to the regime’s operations is the Islamic Center of England (ICE or ICEL), which serves as the primaryhub for advancing its agenda. ICE and its affiliate centers are alleged to disseminate pro-regime propaganda, host regime-linked figures (including Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commanders), and shape narratives favorable to Tehran, all while operating under the guise of community, religious, or educational organizations.